but there he is:
http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/socio ... r10_00.jpg
(Persian/Central Asian painting from the 1500s)
By modern I mean the 1700s. Seems there was a period where Islam was more open to new ideas and less dogmatically rigid, especially in the areas controlled by Turks, Persians, Uzbecks, South Asians, etc.
Turks even have their own booze:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rak%C4%B1
Any who that Crusades tome i struggled through made it seem that Islam was a lot less on the same page than the Christians in terms of theology. Many major concepts, like Jihad or cultural restrictions, were vague and not as thought out yet. Could be too because the Arabs were mostly out of authority by the 11th century and really didn't start getting back into power until the 19th.