The negative aspects of Japanese culture are not an outgrowth of their cohesion though. It's just a byproduct of other japanese quirks.
Point being, we can have cohesion without having an inherently bad outcome such as japanese overwork culture. Nobody denies japanese culture is much more cohesive and has great results from that cohesion in terms of crime, stable politics, stable business environment, and a generally well functioning social and political climate.
The US does not have anything resembling these benefits. Perhaps a shared belief in the constitution does the trick. Probably not as far as I can tell. That's a pretty esoteric concept to expect to act as the glue for a society.